Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Typhonium divaricatum

Abstract

            Medicinal plants and natural products are scientifically interesting because of their potential application as phytodrugs. The phytochemical content of Typhonium divaricatum was studied qualitatively and quantitatively in this context. Only chloroform extract was found to contain alkaloid. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts contained flavanoid. All of the extracts tested were free of tannin, phenol, and saponin. Glycoside was found in nearly all of the extracts tested. The quantitative investigation found that the aqueous extract of Typhonium divaricatum contains high levels of steroids and carbohydrates, while the methanol extract contains high levels of steroids, carbohydrate, and glycoside. The chloroform extract contained a lot of steroids, terpenoids, and carbohydrates. The antibacterial activity of Typhonium divaricatum extracts in water, methanol, chloroform, ethanol, and butanol against E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis was investigated. The highest inhibition was detected in butanol extract of Typhonium divaricatum against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, according to the screening results. Ethanol and butanol extracts of Typhonium divaricatum showed the greatest inhibitory zone against the fungus Candida albicans. As a result of these findings, Typhonium divaricatum should be further investigated as a source of natural compounds with adjuvant potential to boost antibiotic efficacy, hence reducing microbial antibiotic resistance.