The Effects of Green Bean Extract on Serum Calcium and Mandibular Bone Calcium Levels in Menopausal Rat Model

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Endah Aryati Eko Ningtyas , Oedijani-Santoso , Udadi Sadhana , Siti Sunarintyas

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a decrease in bone mass experienced by many menopausal women and becomes a "silent killer" or a silent disease for them. The green bean extract may be able to act as a phytoestrogen and a source of calcium to prevent osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency and a lack of calcium intake. However, it has been explored deeply. This study is aimed to know the effect of green bean extract on serum and mandibular bone calcium levels of the menopausal model. This study is an experimental laboratory study with Post Test Only Control Group Design, using female Wistar rats and divided into 5 (five) groups: baseline (C1); without ovariectomy and green bean extract (C2); ovariectomy without green bean extract (T1); ovariectomy and green bean extract (T2); ovariectomy and treated with bisphosphonates (T3). Serum and bone calcium levels were analyzed using atomic absorbance spectrophotometric (AAS). The results show that the control (C) and treatment (T3) groups had significant differences in bone calcium levels in the treatment group (T1 and T2) (p<0.05). The T1 group had a significant difference from T2. The results also show that the treatment had a weak relationship with serum calcium levels (r=0.376; p=0.064) but strongly correlated with bone calcium (r=0.438; p=0.029). Meanwhile, bone calcium had a negative correlation with serum calcium levels; the higher the serum calcium level, the lower the bone calcium (r=-0.437; p=0.029). Green bean extract reduces serum calcium levels and increased mandibular bone calcium levels in experimental menopausal models.

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