Influence of Socioeconomic, Cultural and Environmental Factors on the Spread of Dengue

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Muñoz, Echeverría N., Nieto, P., Vaca, J., Chorlango, M., Soto, A., Galarraga, N., Soto, R.

Abstract

Dengue is an infectious disease, transmitted by arthropod vectors, considered a priority and growing public health problem. Its vector Aedes aegypti has progressively spread throughout the Ecuadorian territory. It is estimated that 70% of the national territory presents adequate conditions for the transmission of dengue, with a population at risk of more than eight million people. The objective of this research is to study the socioeconomic, cultural, environmental and climatic factors and their relationship with the spread of dengue in Ecuador. A cross-sectional descriptive method was used where the data were obtained using the survey as a technique and questionnaires as an instrument to obtain information on the level of knowledge of the population about dengue, socioeconomic, environmental and climatological conditions. Surveys were carried out using two questionnaires, personal and observational / peridomicilial; both applied to people from older adults to 18-year-olds, with a total of 458 respondents. In the results, 62, 6% declared the use of buckets, gallon jars as places to reserve water; which increases the places to increase the population of the vector insect; 277 respondents affirmed irregular water supply. Knowledge about dengue is scarce, risk practices are adopted that favor the development of the disease; however, a favorable attitude towards control and training is evident. Therefore, it is necessary to promote behavioral changes not only in the community, but also in the way prevention and control programs are being carried out.

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