Aerobic Potential And Adaptation Of 11-15- Year Olds To The Environment

Abstract

Background: This study was performed to evaluate the aerobic potential of adolescents aged 11-15 years on physical and
physiometric parameters of physical growth, assessment of the musculoskeletal system and respiratory system, the vital capacity of
lungs (VLC) using Shtange and Genchi functional tests.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted based on Municipal Budget Training Institute at "High School" in Belgorod. In
this experiment, 120 boys and girls were classified into three age groups included 11 years old, 12-13 years old, and 14-15 years
old. All students were healthy at the time of the study with health groups I or II. All students and parents were introduced to the
purpose and methods of physiological study. Assessment of the level of achievement of physical growth and physical health of
students was performed for both age and gender groups of adolescents and at the individual level. Students' aerobic potential was
assessed using indicators and performance tests. Body mass, body length, and chest circumference were measured using
somatometric methods. The integral Penier index was calculated.
Results: The results of this study showed that boys had a higher rate of HSI compared to girls. Among boys, the highest HSI was in
the age group of 12 to 13 years (48.0±2.24), followed by 14 to 15 years (47.3±2.35) and 11 years (42.6±2.20). The highest value of
this trait was in girls in the age group of 14 to 15 years (40.6±2.21) and the lowest was related to the age group of 11 years
(39.2±1.43) (P<0.01). The experimental results showed that the aerobic potential and level of physical health of students during
their development were severe, and the gender-age difference in the aerobic capacity of the respiratory system that affected the
body's energy function and its adaptation processes were identified. There were no significant differences in the values of VLC and
LI between the boys and girls at the same age.
Discussion: Low levels of physical growth, poor growth of muscles and limbs in most adolescents with inactivity, low levels of
physical activity. Low HSI values in adolescents are due to excess body weight. A wide range of individual data points to the not
simultaneous entry of students of the same age into the period of puberty. This pattern of physical development is genetically
determined and related to the heterochronous processes. Another significant factor is the lack of proper level of motor activity of
schoolchildren during the day. The results showed that boys at the age of 14 to 15 years had the most severe and heterogeneous
stages of development of various organs and systems of the body, which indicated the need for high energy consumption and thus
reduced adaptability