Natural compound loaded nanoparticles for effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease- A review

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the current global challenge in the health care system.  Pathophysiological studies revealed that histopathologic lesions are β-amyloid plaques and the neurofibrillary tangles are the primary cause of the AD that are adamant to decompose and accumulate in the brain to cause neurotoxicity.  The current treatment is to balance the neurotransmitter levels in the brain at synapse either through acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine or through Non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists such as memantine. On the other hand, various traditional and Plant-based strategy is also gaining importance nowadays to combat this AD and associated dementia. New drug delivery systems such as Nanotechnology-based approaches like nanosuspensions, nanoparticles, nano emulsions, etc are effective in the management of AD. This review focus on the various natural products and nanotechnological approaches that are established for AD and memory impairment.