Prostatic Lesions: Histopathological Study In A Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

In India, prostate cancer is more common than in other Asian countries. In India, it is the fifth leading cause of cancer in men and the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality. The incidence of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic prostate lesions is on the rise, especially among the elderly. As a result, we attempted to investigate the numerous histological features seen in both benign and malignant prostatic lesions reported in tertiary care centres in the current study.

Aims and objectives: The goal of this study was to look at the histopathological features of prostatic lesions that were reported in a tertiary care institution.

Material and method: The research was carried out at MIMSR Medical College, Latur, in the Department of Pathology. The study comprised all prostate specimens sent to the department of pathology for histological diagnosis. The age of the patients, their presenting symptoms, the findings of the Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), and relevant tests such as serum PSA levels, USG, and clinical diagnosis were all taken down from the case records.

Results: A total of 110 samples were analysed in this study, with 93.64 % being benign and 6.36 % being malignant. The most prevalent age group for benign lesions was 61-70 years, accounting for 43.69 %. TURP accounted for 98.18 % of the total specimens, while needle biopsy accounted for 1.82 %. Nodular Hyperplasias were detected in 65 (59.09 %) of the benign lesions, NH with PIN in 6 (5.46 %), and prostatitis in 28 (27.19 %) of the cases. The majority of malignant lesions were found in people aged 71 to 80, accounting for 57.14 % of all cases, with one instance being linked to HGPIN. In four cases, the most common pattern was a Gleason score of 7 (57.14 % ).

Conclusion:. As a result, we find that nodular hyperplasia without prostatitis was the most common benign lesion in this study, followed by nodular hyperplasia with prostatitis, basal cell hyperplasia, and red infarct with squamous metaplasia. PIN with a high grade shows a strong link to prostatic carcinoma.