A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study On Bacteriology Of Smegma Among Male In Selangor

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Mohamad Salleh Abdul Aziz, Faatihah Aziz Nordin, Fatin Balqis Sairan, Amirah Nuraisha Kamiran, Muhammad Izzat Syameer Mohd Zaid, Norfaizatul Shalida Omar

Abstract

Introduction: Smegma is the end result of dead skin cells and fatty oils primarily shed from certain parts of our genitalia. Several studieshave shown that there are bacteria isolated in the male’s smegma, thus this study aims to discover the presence of bacteria in the smegma of male in Selangor,the types of bacteria in the smegma and to determine the sensitivity of antibiotic toward each type of bacteria.


Methods:  A cross-sectional study was done where data was collected through consecutive sampling. Any male who undergone circumcision in Mymedik Circumcision Centre, meet all the inclusion criteria and does not adhere to the exclusion criteria will be selected as participant.A swab from smegma sample was taken and were subjected to bacterial analysis, gram staining and antibiotic sensitivity testing.


Results: Among 51 participants, 94.1% of them had mixed growth and 5.9%of them had no pathogen isolated. Within gram positive, Enterococcus sp. (25%) is the most commonisolated organism while for gram negative, Klebsiella sp. (14.6%) is the most common isolated organism found. For antibiotic sensitivity,100% of Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. are sensitive to Cotrimoxazole, Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime. 100% of Escherichia coli sensitive towards Ampicillin-Sulbactam. Enterococcus sp. is 100% sensitive towards Ampicillin, Teicoplanin and Linezolid while 100% of Staphylococcus aureus are sensitive to Vancomycin.


Conclusion: Majority of male in Selangor were found to have pathogens in their smegma and it is largely contributed by gram negative bacteria. Based on the result, Ampicillin Sulbactam, Ceftazidime or Cefotaxime may be given as a prophylaxis prior to the circumcision.

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