A study to examine the effects on epilepsy and memory of different embelin and resveratrol dosages given to mice

Abstract

Drugs already on the market "work symptomatically, and one-third of patients are resistant to them, thus finding novel compounds that can control the epileptogenesis process is critical. To find out if Embelin (EMB) and Resveratrol (RESV) affect" epileptogenesis in mice given pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), researchers undertook this investigation.

For embelin and "resveratrol, independent studies were conducted. In an acute investigation, EMB (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg p.o.) and (RESV (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg p.o.) were given to Swiss albino mice. Various neurological and neurobehavioral tests were performed on the rats on the seventh day, including the Increasing Current Electroshock Test (ICES), PTZ-induced seizures, passive avoidance reaction, raised plus maze test, and forced swim test (FST). In a chronic trial, PTZ at a dosage of 25mg/kg i.p. every other day was delivered to promote kindling, while EMB and RESV at all three doses were given daily. When kindling had developed, the seizure score was tracked continually until the study's conclusion, when cognition tests and the FST were administered. A method called Elisa was used to measure the amounts of pro-inflammatory biomarkers such as IgL1, IgL1-Ra, IL-6, and TNF- in the kindled animals' hippocampus and cortex after they were" killed GABA, glutamate, and dopamine were also assessed in the kindling brains of the experimental animals using a validated LC-MS/MS technique followed by UHPLC, as well as oxidative stress markers such as MDA levels, GSH, GPx, and nitrite content.

Both EMB and RESV "significantly raised the seizure threshold current (STC) in the ICES experiment when compared to the control and phenytoin. Only RESV, not EMB, enhanced the delay to myoclonic jerks and generalised seizures in the PTZ-induced seizure test. EMB and RESV exhibited no signs of behavioural impairments in any of the neurobehavioral tests (acute and chronic), such as step down latency, transfer latency, and the forced swim test, although both drugs were shown to be memory- and antidepressive-protecting. During" the PTZ-induced kindling experiment, both EMB and RESV were able to reduce the mean seizure score to a safe "level. RESV outperformed EMB in terms of efficacy. IL-1, IL-1Ra, IL-6 and TNF- were discovered to be increased after kindling and both EMB and RESV were able to reduce their levels following application of the vaccines. The neurotransmitters GABA, glutamate, and dopamine were all regulated by EMB and RESV in kindling mice whose brains had been stimulated. Oxidative stress was reduced in the kindled rats when treated with EMB" or RESV.