An Analytical Study of the Phenomenon of University Dropout: Causal Factors and Solutions: Case of the Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, Morocco

Abstract

The phenomenon of dropping out of university is a real problem that the Ministry of National Education has been dealing with for years without, however, managing to find truly satisfactory solutions. This study aims to determine the causal factors responsible and how to find solutions and treatments that contribute, if not to reduce, at least to eradicate this phenomenon. Statistics show that the dropout rate is increasing for the first year, especially in open access establishments that receive the majority of new baccalaureate graduates. At the level of the Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, 27% of students have dropped out of school in the last five years. To achieve the research objectives, we surveyed a sample of 560 undergraduate students of the year 2018-2019 from the Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, grouping different fields: (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Geology). The results of the survey after counting the questionnaires, showed that 68.46% of students dropped out of school which indicates that several reasons and factors contributed to this phenomenon of dropping out, such as the lack of guidance and educational direction of students, the effect of problems related to the change of the language of instruction can also be the only source of the language barrier. Difficulties in understanding and assimilating courses, inadequate teaching methods, absenteeism, insufficient communication between the professor and the student due to massification lead to an increase in the dropout rate.