Effect Of Nanoparticles of Allium Sativum in Phenylhydrazine-Induced Anemia in Male Albino Rats

Abstract

Background and Objective: This study was aimed the possibility of using garlic(extract and nanoparticles) in alleviating of anemia induced by phenylhydrazine, in adult male rats.                                                                                         

 Materials and methods: The garlic NPs was prepared according to (Naji et al.,2021) Anemia was induced by phenylhydrazine intraperitoneal (20 mg/kg) for 2 consecutive days. A total of  60 adult male albino rats were used in the present study, at the age of 2 months with body weight 195±15gm were divided randomly to six equal groups (10 rats for each) and treated as follows for 8 weeks :-

Control group:- in this group animals left without any treatment like negative control.T1: animals in this group was induced anemia and untreated as positive group.  T2: animals in this group still normal (no anemic) but treated with daily dose 35.4mg/kg of extract garlic given orally by stomach tube. T3: animals in this group were induced anemia and treated with daily dose 35.4mg/kg of extract garlic given orally by stomach tube. T4: animals in this group still normal (no anemic) but treated with daily dose 35.4mg/kg of nanoparticles garlic given orally by stomach tube. T5:  animals in this group were induced anemia and treated with daily dose 35.4mg/kg of nanoparticles garlic given orally by stomach tube. At the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed and blood samples(5ml) were collected directly from the heart by the cardiac puncture .

Results: Induction of anemia significantly (P<0.05) decreased PCV, hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and red blood cell count (RBC),while mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and white blood cell count (WBC) significantly increased of anemic not treated rats compared to normal control rats. Also the platelets and erythrocyte sedimentation rate showed significant increase in anemic group when compared with control group. After treatment the platelet and ESR recorded decrease. The total protein and albumin showed significantly decreased in anemic group but fibrinogen recorded significantly increase in anemic group as compared with control group. When rats received garlic extract and nanoparticles reported increase in the  blood electrolytes potassium and iron showed significantly increase in anemic group as compared with control group. While, sodium and calcium recorded significantly decreased. After treatment with extract and nanoparticles of garlic the K⁺ and Fe⁺ decrease in all treatment groups and Na⁺ , Ca⁺⁺ increased in all treatment groups. Conclusion: This study suggests may be use of garlic NPs as antianemic and ability to prevent hemolysis best from garlic extract. Confirmation of the studied indicator of blood that gave the best results as evidence of treatment.