Using Phenotypic And Molecular Indicators Rapd-Pcr To Evaluate The Performance And Genetic Dimension Of A Number Of Genotypes And Their Individual Hybrids In The Chickpea Plant Cicer Arietinum L

Abstract

The study included (6) new genotypes of chickpea crop introduced from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). The six genotypes were planted in the season (2018) to self-pollinate them for one season to confirm their purity, and then cross-hybrid between distinct varieties In its traits, which can be collected in the individuals of the first generation and in the season (2019), the Diallel Meting Design (AA) was carried out without reverse hybrids and self-pollination according to the second method (random model) according to Griffing (1956) to obtain (15) An individual hybrid as well as the parents’ self-pollinating seeds of (6). In the season (2020), the experiment was applied in one of the farmers’ fields in Dhi Qar city by using a complete random block design in three replicates to assess the genotypes (parents + hybrids) in order to conduct a phenotypic and molecular study in which two indicators based on PCR technology were used, which are indicators The RAPD by using custom primers from the RAPD index to determine the genetic correlation between the genotypes of quantitative traits (flowering date, plant height, number of pods / plant, number of seeds / pod, weight of 100 seeds and seed yield). According to the present results, it was found that it is possible to use RAPD indicators to evaluate the genotypes of chickpea plants into groups and estimate the genetic dimension between them, which is directly related to the molecular genetic dimension and the phenotypic genetic dimension. The father (1) and (5) and the hybrid (1×5) showed the largest genetic dimension, while the father (3) showed the lowest genetic dimension depending on the results of phenotypic and RAPD indicators, and these two parents and the hybrid were the most superior in most of the studied traits, as were the indicators of RE- RAPD is efficient in identifying (25) genetic mutations, as these mutations are a diagnostic genetic fingerprint for most parents and a function of the presence of specific sites, especially for parents, in the parents' genome through the use of (7) primers.