Essential oil composition of Stachys iberica Bieb. subsp. iberica from Turkey

Abstract

The family Lamiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution with highly varied morphological characters. The family comprises about 236 genera and 7200 species in the world (Govaerts et al, 2011). The Lamiaceae members are common especially in the mountainous areas of the South parts of Turkey. Their essential oil compositions were previously detailed by one of us (Baser 1993, Baser 1994). Aerial parts of most Lamiaceae plants are used as a spice because of their aromatic properties and are often consumed as herbal tea (Atoui et al, 2005).
Stachys is one of the largest genera of Lamiaceae containing 300 species throughout the world 116 taxa growing in Turkey and 55 of which are endemic (Raduloviç et al 2007, Dündar et al, 2013, Baştürk et al, 2015).
Some Stachys species are used as tonic and stomachic in Anatolia. S. inflata extracts obtained from the non-flowering aerial parts have been used in Iranian folk medicine for the treatment of infective, asthmatic and rheumatic disorders. Whole plant or leaves are used in phytotherapy due to sedative, antispasmodic and diuretic properties in tea preparations (Duman et al, 2005).
In the present work, the aerial parts of S. iberica Bieb. subsp. iberica were hydrodistilled for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analysed by GC-FID and GC/MS techniques, simultaneously.