Environmental Health Risk Assessment Due To Copper (Cu) And Pm10 Exposure On The Family Member Of Goldsmith’s Community In Molimongan Village Makassar

Abstract

Current development is always linear with the increase of life and technology needs. Jewellery turns to be one of the lives needs which customers keep growing over time. However, those engaged in jewellery production are prone to health problems due to exposure to toxic and hazardous materials in their work. This research employed an environmental health risk analysis applying an agent-based approach towards the source materials of exposure; thus, the emerging risks can be calculated, and the risk management can be executed. The process of environmental risk analysis includes hazard identification, dose-response analysis, hazard characterization, and risk management. This research involved 30 whom are the spouses/family members of the Satando’s goldsmiths. The risk analysis was executed by calculating the Real-time and Lifetime RQ and THQ. By applying the ICP method, the results suggested that Cu exposure was detected in the respondents' hair, whereas PM10 concentration was discovered in the respondents' workshops. The results indicated high concentrations of Cu in the respondent's hair with the mean of 39.34 μg/g. Real-time RQ calculation suggested that 6.6% had an RQ value greater than 1, and it increased after lifetime calculation with RQ value greater than 1 in 10%. Meanwhile, the mean concentration of PM10 reached 38 g/m3, and the results of the RQ calculation in the sample did not indicate any potential risk. Furthermore, the THQ calculation on both parameters resulted in a THQ value of less than 1, indicating there was no target level of potential risk due to Cu and PM10 exposure in the gold jewellery craftsmen community. In Conclusion, RQ and THQ generally dependent on the concentration of agent and human behavior, reducing the concentration of Cu in the hair and maintaining the similar condition are subject to prevent further risk in the community.