The Effect Of Planting Distances And Different Fertilizer Combinations On Some Growth Traits Of Sunflower Crop (Helianthus Annuus L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during the spring season 2021 in an agricultural field in Al-Rumaitha district, 25 km from the center of Al-Muthanna Governorate, to study the effect of planting distances and different fertilizer combinations on the purchasing value and the size of sunflower seeds (Shmoos). A factorial experiment using the split plot design method, according to a randomized complete block design, R.C.B.D, with three replicates. The experiment included the study of two factors, the first factor was four planting distances: (55, 45, 35 and 25) cm, the second factor was four different fertilizer combinations of NPK and organic acids: (100%, 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4) kg ha-1. The seeds were sown at 3/15/2021 with different distances between one plant and another and 75 cm between one line and another. The results show that the wide planting distance between sunflower plants significantly affected most of the vegetative growth characteristics, the distance of 55 cm was superior in giving the highest average of leaf area, stem diameter and seed length, the planting distance of 25 cm was significantly superior in giving the highest average plant height. The addition of different fertilizer combinations affected all vegetative growth characteristics, the fertilizer level exceeded F3 (120 kg N ha-1,75 kg P2O5 ha-1,120 kg K2O ha-1 +30 kg ha-1 humic and fulvic) on plant height, leaf area, stem diameter, and seed length. The effect of the interaction between the two factors of the study was significant on most of the studied traits, the treatment F3D4 was significantly superior by giving it the highest mean of leaf area, stem diameter and seed length.