Effect Of Organic Fertilizer Levels And Types Of Biofertilizer On The Two Varieties Of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L.) Traits Cultivated In Greenhouses

Abstract

The experiment was conducted during the agricultural season 2020-2021, under unheated greenhouse conditions, at the Agricultural Research Station of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design Agriculture and Marshlands College, Thi-Qar University, to determine the effect of levels of organic and biological fertilizers on the growth and yield of two okra cultivars (Al-Hussainawi and Petra). The experiment was carried out with three factors, The first factor (class); includes two varieties of okra (Al-Hussainawi A and Petra B). The second factor; was sheep manure with four levels O0 without addition, O1 (2.5 kg experimental unit), O2 (5 kg experimental unit) and O3 (7.5 kg experimental unit). The third factor; was a mixture of biofertilizer with four levels of O0 without any addition, A (Azo.) (Azotobacter chroococcum): at a concentration of 1.1×109, B (Pseu.): (Pseudomonas flourescens) at a concentration of 3.6×109, and C (Azo.+Pse.): (Azotobacter chroococcum + Pseudomonas flourescens) at a concentration of 4.7 × 109. The means were compared according to L.S.D Least Significant Difference test at 0.05. The results showed that the Husseinawi okra cultivar was superior to the Petra okra cultivar in the content of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in leaves, the yield of one plant and the total yield (2.791%, 0.420%, 2.299%, 348.21 g plant-1, 2.214 kg m2). As for the organic fertilizer, the treatment O3 (7.5 kg experimental unit) of the Husseinawi cultivar was superior in the leaves content of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, the yield of one plant and the total yield (3.047%, 0.503%, 2.967%, 380.93 g plant-1, 2.445 kg m2). Biofertilizer, the treatment C (Azo.+Pse.) was superior in the average leaf content of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, yield per plant and total yield (3.007 %, 0.479 %, 2.770 %, 372.17 g plant-1, 2.404 kg m2). As for the effect of the bilateral interaction between okra cultivars and biofertilizer types, treatment A C (Azo.+Pse.) outperformed the leaves content rates of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, yield of one plant and total yield (3.201%, 0.493 %, 2.835 %, 378.67 g plant-1, 2.430 kg m2). The bilateral interaction between organic and biological fertilizers. The treatment O3C (Azo.+Pse.) showed outperformed in the leaves content of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, the yield of one plant and the total yield (3.302%, 0.551%, 3.440%, 403.27 g plant-1, 2.588 kg m2). The triple interactions showed a significant effect on most of the studied traits.