Microbial Load And Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile Of Bacterial Isolates From Drinking Water In Peshawar, Pakistan

Abstract

The health of individual and community are greatly influenced by the quality of water supplied in both developing and underdeveloped countries and has a profound effect on human health. The current study aims to determine and highlight microbial load and their antibiotic susceptibility profile isolated from wells and boreholes drinking water from a distinct area of Peshawar, Pakistan. From November to January 2018, 200 drinking water samples were examined for microbiological load in different areas of Peshawar city. All models were collected from wells and boreholes stored in sterile blue cap bottles and transferred to the laboratory as soon as possible. The spread plate method was used to culture all of the samples. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique was utilized with CLSI standards to determine susceptibility patterns. Percentage of isolates were Bacillus spp (12.50%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.25%), Escherichia coli (25%), Proteus sp (12.50), Enterobacter sp (12.50%), Klebsiella sp (18.6%), and Pseudomonas sp (12.50%) among 448 different isolated bacteria species respectively. Most isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, augmentin, and norfloxacin, whereas resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin tetracycline, and cotrimoxazole was high. The isolated pathogenic microorganism indicates sufficient microbial load in drinking water and alarming for public health regulatory bodies. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant isolates, such as Klebsiella sp, Pseudomonas sp, Proteus sp, and E. coli., is a major source of concern due to the risk of infections and the propagation of resistant genes, which restricts the number of chemotherapeutic drugs currently accessible.