Characterization Of Some Iraqi Wheat Cultivars According Their Capability For Callus Induce And Salinity Tolerance

Abstract

Three experiments aimed to (1) classify sixteen Iraqi wheat varieties according to their ability to induce callus from the mature embryo under different concentrations of sodium chloride;(2) to investigate the effect of two medium types on the ability of wheat varieties to induce callus in-vitro; and (3) to study the performance of Iraqi wheat cultivars according to seedling characters under different concentrations of sodium chloride. These experiments were conducted at Crop Biotechnology Laboratory / Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture/ University of Nebraska/ USA. Three Experiments have been conducted; the first experiment used two types of media were used for callus induction. Iraqi wheat varieties showed great differences in their ability toward callus induction, where Rabea variety own high performance according to callus induction, Media type II was superior to media type I. Second experiment included two treatments of sodium chloride (0, 400 mM) to induce callus using media type II for the sixteen genotypes. The results showed superiority of Iraq and Furat genotypes. The third experiment studied the effect of four concentration of sodium chloride (0, 100, 200, 400 mM) on seedling characters. The results showed supremacy of Iraq and Furat cultivars.