Genetic Variance In Flax Cultivars Using RAPD Technique, Cluster And Principal Component Analysis

Abstract

In the study, eight flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes were used (Sakha 1, Sakha 2, Sakha 3, Sakha 5, Sakha 6, Poloni, Geza and Syrian), which were planted in the fields of the College of Science / University of Kirkuk during the 2020-2021 season according to the RCBD design with three replications. DNA was extracted from plant leaves for the studied genotypes in the laboratory of Wahaj Aldna Co. during the year 2021 according to the attached method (Geneaid@genomic DNA mini kit plant) with the extraction kit, thirteen primers were tested and the results of using those primers in RAPD reactions showed a difference in the number of amplified sites and their molecular sizes according to the primer used, resulting from the difference in the number of sites complementing that primer in the genome of each of the flax cultivars included in this study. The thirteen primers used in this study showed All of the technology doubled in locations as it showed bundles of varying numbers and locations among the varieties under study, and produced a total of 202 bundles, which included 192 different bundles with a percentage of 95.05%, while identical bundles (main bundles) amounted to only 10 bundles with a percentage of 4.95%. The lowest value recorded for the genetic dimension among the studied cultivars was 0.365 between the two cultivars Sakha 5 and Sakha 6, while the highest genetic dimension was between the two cultivars Sakha 1 and Sakha 6 with a value of 0.582, and the results of the Principal Analysis Component (PCA) showed a clear agreement with the results of the dendrogram, The results of the distribution showed the matching of the groups that make up the dendrogram based on the RAPD indicators, which shows their distribution in three main groups, the first group included the two cultivars Sakha 5 and Sukha 6, while the second group included the two cultivars Sakha 2 and Sakha 3, while the third major group included the rest of the varieties.