An Investigation On The Antiviral Activity, Pharmacokinetic Properties, And Therapeutic Efficiency Of Hiv Infection Treatment: A Review

Abstract

Antiviral pharmaceuticals are drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat or manage viral infections. Antiviral medications can also be used to prevent viral infections. The majority of antiviral drugs that are currently available on the market are designed to target distinct stages of the life cycle of viruses. Scientists are interested in a number of different stages of the life cycle of viruses, including viral attachment to a host cell, uncoating, viral RNA and DNA synthesis, viral RNA and DNA replication, viral protein maturation, budding, viral protein release, and viral protein release in bodily fluids. At this time, at least half of the antiviral medications that are currently available are being used to treat HIV infections. These drugs can also be used to treat a wide range of other viruses, such as herpes, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, as well as respiratory viruses. A variety of nonspecific phagocytic and cytolytic leukocytes, in addition to cytokines such as antivirally active interferons, are all examples of mammalian innate immune defences that are covered in this work. Innate immune defences are also a topic of discussion. Because IFNs and the antiviral factors that are produced as a result of IFNs are our primary lines of defence against viral infections, interferon-mediated activation of IFN transcription, IFN signalling, and the production of antiviral factors are all of great interest.