Chemical constituents, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of Anaphalis triplinervis essential oil

Abstract

The essential oil of Anaphalis triplinervis has been isolated through hydro-distillation and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The in-vitro antimicrobial activity has been investigated by well-diffusion method against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as pathogenic fungus and in-vivo anti-inflammation activity has been evaluated by using complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced model into the left hind paw oedema. A total of nighteen components have been observed which constitute 93.2% of the total oil, observed major group components are fatty acids (40%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (29%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (19.7%), fatty acids methyl esters (1.1%), diterpene (2.7%), monoterpene (0.8%) and phthalate contamination (0.6%). The main constituents of the oil are n-hexadecanoic acid (33.7%), cis-β-franesene (17.1%), phytone (7.1%), α-humulene (3.8%), elemol (3.6%), caryophyllene oxide (3.4%), δ-cadinene (3.3%) and β-caryophyllene (3%). This essential oil has shown effective antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria as well as pathogenic fungus Aspergillus niger at 400 ppm concentrtion and also has shown the reduction in paw volume and haematological parameters in inflammatory rats at 200 mg/kg dose.