Utilizations of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcare Sector of India

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been evolving continuously since its inception over half a century ago. Recent advancements in Deep Learning and Neural Networks have expanded the scope of AI applications, with the healthcare sector arguably experiencing the greatest impact. By 2030, as AI is projected to become a significant component of the global economy, healthcare stands to benefit the most from its adoption. Many of the prevailing challenges in the healthcare ecosystem, not only in India but worldwide, can be addressed to varying degrees with AI assistance. For instance, automated screening and diagnostic technologies can analyze thousands of MRI scans, saving both time and money. Moreover, these algorithms typically improve in accuracy over time through self-training, reducing the need for human intervention. In India, healthcare has historically been under-invested, with only about 3.6% of total GDP allocated to it, significantly lower compared to OECD or even BRICS nations. As part of India's ambition to achieve Upper Middle-Income Country status by 2030, healthcare is now emerging as a priority sector for the government. This paper offers an overview of the intricate Indian healthcare system and explores the potential applications of AI in four key areas, spanning from administration to drug discovery and management. It also highlights the key challenges and risks associated with AI adoption, along with relevant case studies demonstrating promising results. In summary, AI holds immense promise in enhancing the Indian healthcare sector, which urgently requires cost-effective, high-quality, and scalable solutions.