Comparative Analysis of Surface Hardening Techniques for Motorcycle Chain Sprockets: Plasma Nitriding vs. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Coatings

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of surface hardening techniques for motorcycle chain sprockets, focusing on plasma nitriding versus Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) coatings including Titanium Nitride (TiN), Chromium Nitride (CrN), and Titanium Aluminum Nitride (TiAlN). The research evaluates wear resistance, surface hardness, friction coefficient, and cost-effectiveness of these surface treatment methods. Experimental testing was conducted using pin-on-disk tribometer and reciprocating wear tests under controlled conditions simulating real motorcycle operating environments. AISI 1045 steel substrates were treated with plasma nitriding at 520°C for 4 hours and PVD coatings with thickness ranging from 2-5 μm. Results indicate that plasma nitriding achieved superior wear resistance with 68% reduction in wear rate compared to untreated specimens, while TiAlN coating showed 72% improvement. Surface hardness increased from 180 HV to 650 HV for plasma nitrided samples and up to 2800 HV for PVD coated specimens. The study reveals that while PVD coatings provide superior surface hardness, plasma nitriding offers better depth of hardening and cost-effectiveness for motorcycle applications. This comparative analysis provides crucial insights for manufacturers in selecting optimal surface treatment technologies for enhanced sprocket durability and performance.