Epigenetic Is Promising Direction In Modern Science

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Danylo HalitskyLviv National Medical University

Abstract

Еpigenetics studies the inherited changes in a phenotype or in expression of genes than change of
sequence of DNA nucleotide.
The most distinguished epigenetic tools are: modifications of histones, enzymatic DNA methylation,
and gene silencing mediated by small RNAs (miRNA, siRNA).
The resulting m5C residues in DNA substantially affect the cooperation of proteins with DNA.
It is organized by hormones and aging-related alterations, one of the mechanisms controlling sex
and cellular differentiation. DNA methylation regulates all genetic functions: repair, recombination,
DNA replication, as well as transcription.
Distortions in DNA methylation and other epigenetic signals lead to diabetes, premature aging,
mental dysfunctions, and cancer.

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